Tipus d'obres

Text

Gèneres

Literatura > Poesia

Moviments socio-culturals

Antiguitat > Cultura grega > Època arcaica

Obra

4 riddles

Data de producció: 550 a.e.c.

Tipus d'obres

Text

Gèneres

Literatura > Poesia

Moviments socio-culturals

Antiguitat > Cultura grega > Època arcaica

Obres

1.- “Vi a un hombre soldar con fuego bronce a otro hombre” (ἄνδρ' εἶδον πυρὶ χαλκὸν ἐπ' ἀνέρι κολλήσαντα). 

(Sep. sap. conv. 154b12)

 

2.- “Con la pata y la pezuña, un burro muerto me golpeó la oreja” (κνήμῃ νεκρὸς ὄνος 

με κερασφόρῳ οὖας ἔκρουσεν).

(Sep. sap. conv. 150f)

 

3.- "Uno el padre, doce los hijos. Para cada uno de ellos, 

dos veces treinta hijos de apariencia doble.

Unos se ven claros; otros, por el contrario, oscuros. 

Siendo inmortales, todos se consumen".

Εἷς ὁ πατήρ,παῖδες δυοκαίδεκα· τῶν δὲ ἑκάστῳ 

παῖδες <δὶς> τριάκοντα διάνδιχα εἶδος ἔχουσαι· 

αἱ μὲν λευκαὶ ἔασιν ἰδεῖν, αἱ δ' αὖτε μέλαιναι· 

ἀθάνατοι δέ τ' ἐοῦσαι, ἀποφθινύθουσιν ἅπασαι. 

(Suda, s.v. Cleobulina)

 

4.- “Vi a un hombre robar y engañar violentamente 

y hacer esto con violencia era lo más justo”. 

ἄνδρ› εἶδον κλέπτοντα καὶ ἐξαπατῶντα βιαίως,

καὶ τὸ βίᾳ ῥέξαι τοῦτο δικαιότατον. 

(Suda, s.v. Cleobulina)

 

Riddles 1, 2 y 4

Gardella Hueso, Mariana (2021): “Heráclito de Éfeso, Cleobulina de Lindos y la tradición de los enigmas”, en Revista de Filosofía 46 (1), 45-62, (retrieved on 10-06-2021), < https://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/RESF/article/view/75761/4564456557036>

Riddle 3 

Gardella Hueso, Mariana (2020).”Los enigmas de Antología griega: presentación y traducción”, en Journal of Ancient Philosophy, 14 (2), 210-232, (retrieved on 10-06-2021), 

<https://www.revistas.usp.br/filosofiaantiga/article/view/176067/163787>

Informació de l'obra i context de creació

Four of Cleobulina's riddles survive: one about a cupping class, one about a thief with good intentions, one about a flute and one about the year. Plutarch also attributes her the authorship of a fable about the dress of the moon (Sep. sap. conv. 157a-b). The riddles about the cupping glass and the flute are quoted by Aesop in Plutarch's fictional symposium.  The one about the cupping glass compares the work of a blacksmith who welds bronze with fire, to that of the physician who uses cupping glasses on the bodies of their patients. The one about the flute uses the expression "dead donkey" to describe a flute made with the bones of said animal. At the same time, it explores the paradoxical idea that a dead animal can still kick.

The riddle about the year creates an analogy between the year, its months and its days, and a father, his children and his grandchildren. In the case of the thief that steals for a good cause, it has been suggested that the answer could be the artists, such as painters or playwrights, who create scenes showing criminals whose actions are believable if they are represented as credibly as possible. 

Cleobuina's riddles are about objects or fenomena that are close, well-known, part of the ordinary experience. However, the triviality of the answer contrasts the darkness of the enigmatic wording, which makes use of ambiguity and polisemy. These riddles show that our knowledge about the world is limited, but our ability to be surprised is endless, and that trivial things can become something wonderful.

During the archaic period and alongside Sappho, who initiated a feminine lyric tradition that will live up to Roman times, we find Phemonoe, Damophyle, Charixene, the Spartans Hagesichora, Megalostrata and Mia, who sang partenios, Cleobulina, writer of riddles, and the bucolic poetess Eriphanis.

Indicacions

-CUC: Block Classical roots of today's world. Everyday life; Block Continuity of cultural heritage.  Literature (Poetry), art and science.

-Greek Baccalaureate: Block The text: comprehension and translation; Block Literary education.

-Universal Literature 1st Baccalaureate: Interpretation of Greek period fragments of different genres and themes.

-Spanish Language and Literature ESO: Literary Education Block.

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